{"Abbreviation":["LSD","LSD-25"],"Adverse Effects":"Adverse effects are extremely subjective, with significant variability and unpredictability. One patient may experience a positive effect filled with bright hallucinations, sights, and sensations, increased awareness owing to mind expansion, and marked euphoria. The positive spectrum of effects is colloquially called a \"good trip.\" Another patient may experience the total opposite with an experience filled with increased anxiety becoming panic, fear, depression, despair, and disappointment. The negative spectrum is colloquially called a \"bad trip.\" One patient can experience both the positive and negative spectrum at different times of use.","Aliases":["Lysergide","Lsd","N,N-Diethyllysergamide","Lysergsaeurediaethylamid","N,N-Diethyl-D-lysergamide","Lysergaure diethylamid","LSD-25","LSD 25","Lisergide","Lysergidum","N,N-Diethyl-(+)-Lysergamide","lysergic Acid diethylamide","lisergida","Diethylamid kyseliny lysergove","Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N,N-diethyl-6-methyl-, (8β)-","(8R)-9,10-didehydro-N,N-diethyl-6-methylergoline-8-carboxamide","(4R,7R)-N,N-diethyl-6-methyl-6,11-diazatetracyclo[7.6.1.0^{2,7}.0^{12,16}]hexadeca-1(16),2,9,12,14-pentaene-4-carboxamide","(4R,7R)-N,N-diethyl-6-methyl-6,11-diazatetracyclo(7.6.1.0^(2,7).0^(12,16))hexadeca-1(16),2,9,12,14-pentaene-4-carboxamide","(6aR,9R)-N,N-diethyl-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-indolo(4,3-fg)quinoline-9-carboxamide","RefChem:5968","Acid Diethylamide, Lysergic","Diethylamide, Lysergic Acid","(4R,7R)-N,N-diethyl-6-methyl-6,11-diazatetracyclo(7.6.1.02,7.012,16)hexadeca-1(16),2,9,12,14-pentaene-4-carboxamide","200-033-2","Delysid"],"Biological Half-Life":"3 hours","CAS":"50-37-3","ChEBI":"CHEBI:6605","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL263881","ChemicalClasses":["lysergamide"],"Chirality":"absolute","Classes":["Psychedelic"],"Color/Form":"Pointed prisms from benzene","DEA no":7315,"Decomposition":"When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.","Dosing Info":[{"Method":"Sublingual","Tiers":{"Common":{"Lower":0.2,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.3},"Extreme":{"Lower":0.5,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.5},"Heavy":{"Lower":0.3,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.5},"Light":{"Lower":0.2,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.2},"Strong":{"Lower":0.3,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.3}}},{"Method":"Oral","Tiers":{"Common":{"Lower":0.2,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.3},"Extreme":{"Lower":0.8,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.8},"Heavy":{"Lower":0.6,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.8},"Light":{"Lower":0.2,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.2},"Strong":{"Lower":0.3,"Unit":"mg","Upper":0.6}}}],"Drug Indication":"Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classical hallucinogen originally synthesized by Albert Hoffman. He accidentally concocted the drug while making experimental substances from ergots to create circulatory and respiratory stimulants. The most pronounced effect on the animals allowed him to create a model for psychosis and study the induced temporary psychotic-like states. During the psychotic state, he also noted permitted recall and produced improved insight.","DurationOfAction":"Oral administration|Oral: 7 – 12 (range 4 – 22) hoursIntramuscular injection, Intravenous injection, Intrathecal injection: 8 – 10 hours","EINECS":"200-033-2","EliminationHalfLife":"3.6 hours","Esters":[],"European Community (EC) Number":"200-033-2","Formating":[],"Health Effects":"Chronic effects of LSD toxicity include flashbacks, psychosis, and exacerbation of latent mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia. Overdosage can result in “bad trips” that are characterized by intense anxiety, combativeness, confusion, and panic attacks. LSD is not considered to be addictive, and withdrawal syndrome are absent. Because of its relatively high therapeutic index, no deaths have been directly attributed to LSD use alone. (A2915, L1925)","HeavyAtomCount":24,"IUPACName":"(6aR,9R)-N,N-diethyl-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9-tetrahydro-4H-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide","InChI":"InChI=1S/C20H25N3O/c1-4-23(5-2)20(24)14-9-16-15-7-6-8-17-19(15)13(11-21-17)10-18(16)22(3)12-14/h6-9,11,14,18,21H,4-5,10,12H2,1-3H3/t14-,18-/m1/s1","InChIKey":"VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N","Interactions":"... This study aims to determine if parenteral injections of the hallucinogens LSD, d,l-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine, and 5-methoxy-dimethyltryptamine /to rabbits/ elicit the 5-HT(2A)-mediated behavior of head bobs and whether intrahippocampal injections of LSD would produce head bobs and enhance trace eyeblink conditioning. LSD was infused into the dorsal hippocampus just prior to each of eight conditioning sessions. One day after the last infusion of LSD,(+/-)-1(2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane hydrochloride (DOI)  was infused into the hippocampus to determine whether there had been a desensitization of the 5-HT(2A) receptor as measured by a decrease in DOI-elicited head bobs. Acute parenteral or intrahippocampal LSD elicited a 5-HT(2A) but not a 5-HT(2C)-mediated behavior, and chronic administration enhanced conditioned responding relative to vehicle controls. Rabbits that had been chronically infused with 3 or 10 nM per side of LSD during Pavlovian conditioning and then infused with DOI demonstrated a smaller increase in head bobs relative to controls. LSD produced its enhancement of Pavlovian conditioning through an effect on 5-HT(2A) receptors located in the dorsal hippocampus. The slight, short-lived enhancement of learning produced by LSD appears to be due to the development of desensitization of the 5-HT(2A) receptor within the hippocampus as a result of repeated administration of its agonist (LSD).","LD50":[{"dosages":[{"amount":"16 mg/kg","route":"intravenous"}],"organism":"Rat"},{"dosages":[{"amount":"50 mg/kg","route":"intraperitoneal"},{"amount":"46 mg/kg","route":"intravenous"}],"organism":"Mouse"},{"dosages":[{"amount":"300 μg/kg","route":"intravenous"}],"organism":"Rabbit"},{"dosages":[{"amount":"16 mg/kg","route":"subcutaneous"}],"organism":"Guinea pig"},{"dosages":[{"amount":"1800 μg/kg","route":"oral"}],"organism":"Bird - wild"}],"MeSH Pharmacological Classification":"Drugs capable of inducing illusions, hallucinations, delusions, paranoid ideations, and other alterations of mood and thinking. Despite the name, the feature that distinguishes these agents from other classes of drugs is their capacity to induce states of altered perception, thought, and feeling that are not experienced otherwise.","Melting Point":"176 to 185 °F (NTP, 1992)","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e20\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e25\u003c/sub\u003eN\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003eO","MolecularWeight":"323.4 g/mol","Non-Human Toxicity Values":"LD50 Guinea pig sc 16 mg/kg","Odor":"Odorless","Opticalactivity":"( + )","Physical Description":"Prismatic crystals (from benzene). Tasteless and odorless. A hallucinogen.","PubChemId":5761,"Record Description":["Wikipedia|TiHKAL|Tryptamines"],"RefCount":3,"RefCur":"","References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSD","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23118","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB04829","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5761","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEMBL","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL263881","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEBI","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:6605","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=50-37-3","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C07542","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/8NA5SWF92O","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID1023231","Name":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Sub":false}]}],"Refs":["National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5761, Lysergic acid diethylamide. Accessed October 13, 2025. \u003ca href=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5761\u003ehttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5761\u003c/a\u003e","U.S. Food and Drug Administration; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Lysergic acid diethylamide. UNII: 8NA5SWF92O. Global Substance Registration System. Accessed October 13, 2025. \u003ca href=https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/8NA5SWF92O\u003ehttps://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/8NA5SWF92O\u003c/a\u003e"],"Reported Fatal Dose":"LSD has not been known to cause death on its own. (A2915)","SMILES":"CCN(CC)C(=O)[C@H]1CN([C@@H]2CC3=CNC4=CC=CC(=C34)C2=C1)C","SaltData":[{"AcidCount":1,"Amine":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","AmineCount":1,"Formula":"O=C(O)CC(O)C(=O)O","Name":"maleate","Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" style=\"display:block\" viewBox=\"0 0 182.8 118.024\"\u003e\u003crect width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" fill=\"#fff\"/\u003e\u003cdesc\u003eGenerated by the Chemistry Development Kit (http://github.com/cdk)\u003c/desc\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#ff0d0d\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\".7\"\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h183v119H0z\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M80.241 1.038 67.045 8.662M67.045 8.662l.003 11.39M70.203 25.721l10.047 5.797M80.25 31.518l13.196-7.623M63.896 25.723l-10.043 5.802\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m53.853 31.525-9.924-5.726M53.853 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I"},{"gov":"Germany","ref":[],"schedule":"Anlage I substance"}],"Slang":["Acid ","Cubes ","Royal Blue ","Pearly gates ","Wedding bells ","Heavenly Blue "],"Solubility":"Water soluble","Stability/Shelf Life":"Stable under recommended storage conditions.","StereoisomerData":[],"Stereoisomers":[],"Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" style=\"display:block\" viewBox=\"0 0 94.484 118.024\"\u003e\u003crect width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" fill=\"#fff\"/\u003e\u003cdesc\u003eGenerated by the Chemistry Development Kit (http://github.com/cdk)\u003c/desc\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#3050f8\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\".7\"\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h95v119H0z\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M80.241 1.038 67.045 8.662M67.045 8.662l.003 11.39M70.203 25.721l10.047 5.797M80.25 31.518l13.196-7.623M63.896 25.723l-10.043 5.802\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg 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117.464h-.619v-2.286h-2.512v2.286h-.613v-4.899h.613v2.071h2.512v-2.071h.619z\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath stroke=\"#3050f8\" d=\"m67.048 20.052-.001-5.695M70.203 25.721l5.024 2.899M63.896 25.723l-5.022 2.901M67.062 65.769l-.003-5.694M20.748 115.366l5.911.623M20.748 115.366l5.911.623M16.603 111.195l-1.178-5.544M16.603 111.195l-1.178-5.544M70.217 71.438l5.025 2.897\" class=\"hi\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e","Subjective Effects":null,"TDLo":[{"dosages":[{"amount":"700 ng/kg","route":"oral"},{"amount":"2857 ng/kg","route":"oral"},{"amount":"750 ng/kg","route":"intramuscular"},{"amount":"857 ng/kg","route":"oral"}],"organism":"Human"}],"Taste":"Tasteless","Therapeutic Uses":"Hallucinogens; Serotonin Agonists; Serotonin Antagonists","Title":"Lysergic acid diethylamide","Toxicity Data":"Estimates for the lethal dosage (LD50) of LSD range from 200 ug/kg to more than 1 mg/kg of human body mass, though most sources report that there are no known human cases of such an overdose.","Treatment":"Adverse effects of psychotropics are often treated with fast-acting benzodiazepines like diazepam or triazolam that have calming and antianxiety effects but do not directly affect the specific actions of psychotropics. Theoretically, specific 5-HT2A receptor antagonists, which most commonly means atypical antipsychotics (quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, etc.) or other 5-HT2A antagonist such as trazodone  or mirtazapine, would be direct antidotes, although some anecdotal reports claim otherwise. (A308, L1925)","UNII":"8NA5SWF92O","Wikidata":"Q23118","Wikipedia":"LSD","XLogP":3}